Low-Temperature Phases of Interfacial Water in Clay-Water Systems

Low-temperature Phases of Interfacial Water in Clay-water Systems

Viscosity of interfacial water.

The effective shear viscosity and frequency-dependent dynamic oscillatory shear spectra of water containing monovalent or divalent ions (ionic strength 25 mM), confined between mica crystals at 1-2 water molecules thickness, oscillated with twist angle with the period expected for the pseudohexagonal surface lattice. The effective viscosity varied by orders of magnitude as the twist angle was c...

Phase behavior and interfacial curvature in water-oil-surfactant systems

Even during 1995, 60 papers appeared using cosurfacrant in their formulations . If one does not have the choice of optimal surfacrants (there may be various commercial or scientific reasons), it may be helpful to use these add itives (e.g. in emulsion formulations, see below). Quantitative measurements of structures and their interpretation is facilitated, however, if one restricts oneself to t...

Ultralow interfacial tensions in water– n -alkane–surfactant systems

Low temperature physics at room temperature in water: Charge inversion in chemical and biological systems

We review recent advances in the physics of strongly interacting charged systems functioning in water at room temperature. We concentrate on the phenomena which go beyond the framework of mean field theories, whether linear Debye-Hückel or non-linear Poisson-Boltzmann. We place major emphasis on charge inversion-a counterintuitive phenomenon in which a strongly charged particle, called macroion...